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vocal fold nodule
A vocal fold nodule is a mass of tissue that grows on a vocal fold. Typically this mass appears on the junction of the anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 of the vocal fold, where contact is most forceful.
A vocal fold nodule reduces the ability of the vocal folds to create the rapid changes in air pressure which generate human speech. Symptoms include hoarseness , painful speech production, frequent vocal breaks, and reduced vocal range. Vocal fold nodules develop mostly in adult women and in children of both sexes.〔Blake Simpson, Clark Rosen, Hans Von Leden, Robert H. Ossoff (2008) (Operative Techniques in Laryngology )〕
The nodules appear as symmetrical swellings on both vocal cords. The cause of these formations is usually strenuous or abusive voice practices such as yelling, poor singing techniques, and coughing. Those who use their voices constantly in a loud environment are susceptible.
== Prognosis ==
Vocal fold nodules can certainly impair one's speaking and singing ability. They rarely harm one's general health. However, the psychological trauma of being diagnosed with nodules—a trauma affecting those especially whose professional success depends on consistently using a rich and powerful vocal tone (e.g. singers, actors, broadcasters)—typically dwarfs the limited systemic and even otolaryngological effects.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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